A 24/7 effort is required to maintain a healthy blood glucose range. Treatment of type 1 diabetes includes a combination of medication and lifestyle modifications aimed at keeping blood glucose levels within a recommended range and avoiding complications of the disease. Further tests to identify antibodies, as well as ketone levels in the blood, better indicate the presence of type 1 diabetes. Blood tests to measure blood glucose level, such as the glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test, identify the presence of higher-than-normal blood sugar and signify diabetes. The classic symptoms in children who develop type 1 diabetes are polydipsia (excessive fluid intake from extreme thirst), polyphagia (excessive hunger, ingestion), and polyuria (excessive urination, volume), along with overt hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels).Ī primary objective of diagnosis is to determine whether the patient has type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes, because the initial treatment pathways differ significantly. The symptoms of type 1 diabetes can develop quickly, sometimes within weeks. Type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, but it is the most common chronic disease of childhood. A child’s risk of developing type 1 diabetes is one in seven, or about 14%, if one parent also developed type 1 diabetes before age 50 years, with a further increase in risk to 50% if both parents have type 1 diabetes. While no one knows for sure what triggers the immune-system malfunction in this group of people, exposure to some viruses and genetic patterns seem to correlate with the onset of type 1 diabetes. As a result, glucose isn’t transported into the cells and instead accumulates in the bloodstream, causing the symptoms of diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the body is unable to regulate glucose because the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the body’s immune system. The hormone insulin is an important player in this process because it acts as a key to the door of the cell, allowing glucose to enter. Our bodies are designed to break down the sugars and carbohydrates we consume into a simple sugar called glucose that provides fuel for the cells. About 1.25 million Americans have type 1 diabetes, and an estimated 40,000 people will be newly diagnosed each year in the United States. It is sometimes referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes and was formerly known as juvenile diabetes because of the frequency of diagnosis in childhood. Type 1, which is less common, affects approximately 10% of people with diabetes. It develops slowly over time, and management involves lifestyle changes and medications. There are two types of diabetes type 2 is more common. Formerly Called Juvenile Diabetesĭiabetes is a chronic condition in which the body is unable to properly regulate blood glucose, or blood sugar.
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